Here are a list of narrations mentioning the Qaim/Mahdi (From Him is Peace) in the Qur'an.
On the authority of Ibn Muskan, from Abi Abdullah (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah the Almighty: {Permission [to fight] has been given to those who are being fought, because they were wronged. And indeed, Allah is competent to give them victory.} [22:39]
He (PBUH) said, “The general Muslims say it was revealed regarding the Prophet of Allah (PBUH & His Family) when Quraysh drove him out of Mecca, but rather it is (for) the Qaim when he emerges to seek revenge for Al-Hussein (PBUH).”
In a hadith of Abi Al-Jaroud that Abi Ja’far (PBUH) said regarding the saying of Allah the Almighty: {Those who, if We were to Enable them in the land, they would establish Prayer and give Zakat.} [22:41]
“This (verse) is for the Family of Mohammed (PBUH & His Family) up to the last of the Imams, and the Mahdi and his Companions. Allah the Almighty would enable them in the east of the earth and its west, and will manifest the religion through him. And Allah the Almighty will destroy all innovations and falsehood through him and his Companions, just as the foolish ones had destroyed the truth, so that it would not be seen where the injustice is and so that they would enjoin with the good and forbid from the evil.”
{Or, One Who Answers the distressed one when he supplicates to Him and He removes the evil, and He will make you to be Caliphs of the earth!} [27:62]
On the authority of Saleh bin Uqba, from Abi Abdullah (PBUH) who said: “This (verse) was revealed about the Qaim (PBUH), by Allah he is ‘the distressed’ whom when he prays two Rakaas in Al-Maqam and supplicates to Allah, He (Allah) will answer him and will remove evil and make him the Caliph on earth.”
On the authority of Mohammed bin Muslim, from Abi Ja’far (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah the Almighty: {And the day when it is displayed.} [92:2]
He (PBUH) said: “‘The day' is the Qaim from us the Ahlul-Bayt, when he rises he overcomes the state of falsehood. The Qur’an set examples for the people and with it He (Allah the Almighty) spoke to His Prophet (PBUH & His Family) and to us, so no one knows it except for us.”
Muthanna Al-Hannat narrated: “I heard Aba Ja’far (PBUH) say, {The Days of Allah} [14:5] are three, the day of the Rise of the Qaim, the day of the Return and the Day of Resurrection.”
On the authority of Mohammed bin Sulayman, from his father who said: I said to Abi Abdullah (PBUH), {Has the news of the Overwhelming Event reached you?}” [88:1] He (PBUH) said, “The Qaim would overwhelm them with the sword.” He [the narrator] said, {Faces on that day will be humiliated.} [88:2] He (PBUH) said, “They will submit and they will not be able to turn away.” He [the narrator] said, “(What about His saying) {Working} [88:3]?" He (PBUH) said: “Working by other than what Allah the Almighty has brought down.” He [the narrator] said, “(What about His saying) {Nasibis} (Hostile ones) [88:3]?" He (PBUH) said: “[It is] those who appoint other than the divinely appointed rulers and bear enmity towards them.” He (the narrator) said, “(What about His saying) {Scorched by burning fire?} [88: 4]?” He (PBUH) replied: “Scorched by the fire of war in this world during the time of the Qaim, and in the Hereafter (scorched by) Hellfire.’’
On the authority of Mohammed binAli ibn Al-Hussain (PBUH), from his father, from his grandfather, from Ali (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted: {And We Intend to confer upon those who were weakened (oppressed) in the land, and to make them Imams, and make them the inheritors.} [28:5] He (PBUH) said: “They are the Family of Mohammed, Allah sends their Mahdi after their struggles, so he honors them and humiliates their enemies.”
Sallam ibn Al-Mustaneer narrated from Abi Ja’far (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah the Almighty: {Know that Allah revives the earth after its death.} [57:17] He (PBUH) said: “Allah the Almighty revives it by the Qaim (PBUH) after its death, meaning after the disbelief of its people, and the Disbeliever is a dead (person).”
Imam Al-Sadiq (PBUH) said in regards to the words of Allah the Almighty: {And those days We alternate among the people.} [3:140] “Since God created Adam, there has been a state for God and a state for Satan. So where is the State of God? Verily, it is not except one Qaim.”
Jabir narrated that Abu Ja’far (PBUH) said regarding the verse: {Today the disbelievers have given up all hope of ˹undermining˺ your faith. So do not fear them; fear Me!} [5:3] “It is the day of the Rise of the Qaim (PBUH), the Banu (clan of) Umayyah shall despair, for they are the ones who disbelieved, and they despaired from the Family of Mohammed (PBUH & His Family).”
From Ja’far binMohammed and Abu Ja’far (PBUT), regarding the saying of Allah the Almighty: {A proclamation from Allah and His Messenger ˹is made˺ to all people on the day of the greater pilgrimage.} [9:3] He (PBUH) said, “The emergence of the Qaim, and ‘A proclamation’ is his Call to himself (PBUH).”
Abu Abdullah (PBUH) said: “My father was asked about the saying of Allah: {And fight the polytheists together as they fight together against you.} [9:36] until there are no polytheists, {and [until] the religion [i.e., worshop] all of it, is for Allah.} [8:39]"
Then he (PBUH) said: “Surely, the interpretation of this verse has yet to come, and when our Qaim rises, the ones witnessing him will see what the interpretation of this verse will be, and he shall make the religion of Mohammed (PBUH) reach where the night reaches, until there is not a disbeliever on the surface of the earth just as Allah has said.”
From Abi Abdullah (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah: {And if We delay the torment for them till [the time of ] a specific nation.} [11:8] “Meaning a number like the number that was at Badr (313).” He said: “They would be gathered for him in one hour like the gathering of Autumn leaves.”
From Abi Abdullah (PBUH): {And if We delay the torment for them till [the time of] a specific nation.} [11:8] He said: “It is the Qaim and his Companions.”
On the authority of Saleh bin Sahl, from Abi Abdullah (PBUH) regarding Allah's words: {We Sent against you Our servants with great might, so they ravaged the houses.} [17:5] “A group of people whom Allah the Almighty sends before the emergence of the Qaim. They will not leave a single enemy of the Family of Mohammed except that they would burn him. {And it was a Promise to be accomplished} [17:5] meaning, before the rise of the Qaim.”
Abi Baseer narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (PBUH) about the saying of Allah the Exalted in His Book: {He is the One Who has sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, making it prevail over all others, even to the dismay of the polytheists.} [9:33] He said: “By Allah its interpretation has yet to be revealed.” I said, “May I be sacrificed for you, and when will it be revealed?” He said: “When the Qaim rises God willing. So when the Qaim rises, there will not remain any disbeliever or polytheist except they will dislike his emergence, to the extent that even if there was a disbeliever or a polytheist in the belly of a rock, the rock would say, ‘O believer! There is a disbeliever or a polytheist (hiding) in my belly, so kill him!’ He said: So Allah removes it and kills him.”
From Abu Abdullah (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah: {Whenever Our revelations are recited to him, he says, ‘Ancient fables!’} [83:13] “Meaning him belying the Qaim of the Family of Mohammed (PBUH), as he would say to him (to the Qaim), ‘We don’t recognize you, and you are not from the sons of Fatimah,’ just as the polytheists had said to Mohammed (PBUH & His Family).”
From Abu Ja’far (PBUH) regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted: “{Nor did we feed the poor} [74:44] and {And we used to indulge in vanities along with the indulgers in vanities.} [74:45] That is the day of the Qaim (PBUH) and it is the Day of Judgment. {And we used to deny the Day of Judgment} [74:46] {Until the certainty came to us} [74:47] “The days of the Qaim.” {So the plea of the intercessors will be of no benefit to them.} [74:48] "The intercession of any creature will not benefit them, and the Messenger of Allah will never intercede for them on the Day of Judgment.”
From Abu Ja’far (PBUH) regarding the saying of the Mighty, the Majestic: {Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ I do not ask you for any reward for this, nor do I pretend to be someone I am not.} [38:86] {Surely he is only a reminder to the worlds.} [38:87]
The Prince of the Believers (PBUH) said: {And you will come to know his News after a while} [38:88] He said: “The Rise of the Qaim.”
As for the saying of the Mighty, the Majestic: {Indeed, We had given Moses the Scripture, but differences arose regarding it.} [11:110] He (PBUH) said: “They differed just as this nation has differed regarding the Book, and they will differ regarding the Book which is with the Qaim that he brings to them, until many people deny it. So he (the Qaim) will bring them forward and strike their necks.” And regarding the saying of the Mighty, the Majestic: {Had it not been for ˹prior˺ decree on Judgment, the matter would have certainly been settled between them ˹at once˺. And surely the oppressors will suffer a painful punishment.} [42:21] He (PBUH) said: “If it were not for what Allah the Almighty had passed for them, the Qaim would not let any of them remain.” And as for the saying of the Mighty, the Majestic: {And those who ˹firmly˺ believe in the Day of Judgment.} [70:26]. He said: “The Rise of the Qaim.” And the saying of the Mighty, the Majestic: {And declare, ‘The truth has come and falsehood has vanished.’} [17:81] He (PBUH) said: “When the Qaim comes, the state of falsehood vanishes.”
Abi Abdullah (PBUH) said regarding the sayings of Allah the Almighty: {Until-behold! They face what they were promised with. Either the torment or the Hour. Only then will they realise who is in a more evil position and inferior in manpower.} [19:75]
So they will learn that day what has befallen on them from Allah upon the hands of His Qaim. And that is in regards to His saying: ‘who is in a more evil position’ meaning in the eyes of the Qaim, “and inferior in manpower.’
Mufaddal bin Umar narrated: I asked Abu Abdullah (PBUH) about the saying of Allah the Almighty: {And We will Make them taste the lower Punishment before the greater.} [32:21] He (PBUH) said: “The lower is the high prices and the greatest is the Mahdi with the sword.’’
On the authority of Hisham, from Abu Abdullah (PBUH) regarding Allah’s saying: {If We Desired to, We would send down upon them a Sign from the sky, so their necks would remain submissive to it.} [26:4] “Their necks would be submissive,’ meaning Bani (clan of) Umayyah, and it is a shout from the sky by the name of the Companion of the matter (PBUH).”
- Bihar Al-Anwar, Al-Allamah Al-Majlisi, Vol. 51, p. 48, Hadith 10
Al-Thumali narrated that he heard Abu Ja’far (PBUH) say: {And whoever avenges himself after having been wronged.} [42:41] - meaning the Qaim and his Companions, {those have not upon them any cause [for blame].} [42:41] And when the Qaim rises, he and his companions shall triumph over Bani (clan of) Umayyah, and the liars, and the Nasibis (hostile ones), and it is the saying of Allah: {Blame is only on those who wrong people and transgress in the land unjustly. It is they who will suffer a painful punishment.} [42:42]
- Bihar Al-Anwar, Al-Allamah Al-Majlisi, Vol. 51, p. 48, Hadith 13
On the authority of Abi Baseer, from Abu Abdullah (PBUH) regarding Allah’s saying: {The wicked will be recognized by their appearance} [55:41] He (PBUH) said: “Allah recognizes them, but it was revealed regarding the Qaim. He will recognize them by their appearance, so he and his companions will strike them down with the sword.”
- Bihar Al-Anwar, Al-Allamah Al-Majlisi, Vol. 51, p. 59, Hadith 54